It is radiographed with a special portable x-ray machine located in the operating room (c-arm) so
that the surgeon can at any time check the position of the micro-instruments in relation to the
patient’s spine, thereby ensuring accuracy and safety.
As mentioned, the endoscope transfers the image to a screen inside the operating room monitored by
the surgeon. This image is enlarged, so the surgeon safely performs the surgery as the structures of
the spine (nerves, intervertebral discs, ligaments, etc.) are clearly distinguished and the
possibility of injury is minimized. Thus, the surgeon can remove an intervertebral disc, widen a
spinal foramen, perform rhizotomy and generally all the endoscopic techniques depending on the
patient’s condition, through a small incision with a diameter of 1 cm, that is, a regular surgery is
performed with less risk, without destroying healthy structures. The special micro-tools that go
through the endoscope are duplicates (miniatures) of all the tools used in the classic open spine
surgeries except that they are thinner to go through the endoscope.